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Known for its horse farms, bourbon distilleries, and natural beauty, Kentucky is a state with a rich history and vibrant culture. Nicknamed the "Bluegrass State" for its fertile soil ideal for raising Kentucky bluegrass, the state was the 15th to join the Union in 1792. Today, Kentucky is home to over 4 million residents who enjoy the state's mild climate, diverse landscapes, and southern charm.

History of Kentucky

The area known today as Kentucky was inhabited by various Native American tribes for thousands of years before European settlement. In the mid-18th century, white frontiersmen began exploring the region. Daniel Boone, one of Kentucky's most famous explorers and pioneers, helped establish the Wilderness Road through the Cumberland Gap, paving the way for settlers. Kentucky became a county of Virginia in 1776 and was admitted to the Union as the 15th state on June 1, 1792. It was a border state during the Civil War and was officially declared neutral, though Confederate sentiment was strong in the state. Kentucky was the birthplace of both Abraham Lincoln, president of the Union, and Jefferson Davis, president of the Confederacy. To learn more about Kentucky's history, visit the Kentucky Historical Society website or explore exhibits at the Thomas D. Clark Center for Kentucky History in Frankfort.

Kentucky's Economy and Industries

Kentucky has a diversified economy based on agriculture, manufacturing, technology, energy, and tourism. Some of the state's major industries include:

Agriculture - Kentucky is a leading producer of horses, cattle, poultry, and corn.
Automotive - Major automotive plants include Toyota, Ford, and General Motors.
Aerospace - GE Aviation has an aircraft engine manufacturing plant.
Healthcare - Major employers include Humana, Norton Healthcare, and Baptist Health.
Bourbon - Kentucky produces 95% of the world's bourbon.
Coal - Coal mining is a major part of Kentucky's eastern coalfield economy.
Tourism - Key attractions like the Kentucky Derby, bourbon distilleries, Mammoth Cave, and horse farms draw visitors.

Major companies headquartered in Kentucky include Yum! Brands, Humana, Ashland Inc., and Churchill Downs. The state's central location, low energy costs, skilled workforce, and logistics infrastructure make it attractive for manufacturing and distribution. Learn more about Kentucky's economy at the Kentucky Cabinet for Economic Development website.

Places to Visit in Kentucky

From lively cities to quiet natural retreats, Kentucky offers an array of attractions and activities for visitors.

Mammoth Cave National Park

Mammoth Cave National Park protects the world's longest known cave system with 400+ miles of explored underground passageways. Go on a guided cave tour, hike above ground through wooded hills and sinkholes, bike the Green River, or camp beneath the stars. Address: 1 Mammoth Cave Pkwy, Mammoth Cave, KY 42259 Phone: (270) 758-2180

Kentucky Derby and Churchill Downs

The "most exciting two minutes in sports" takes place every May at Louisville's historic Churchill Downs racetrack. In addition to the famed Kentucky Derby, Churchill Downs hosts thoroughbred racing, shows, and events year-round. Address: 700 Central Ave, Louisville, KY 40208 Phone: (502) 636-4400

Kentucky Bourbon Trail

Tour distilleries across Kentucky to learn how bourbon whiskey is made and sample specialty bottlings. Along the route are charming bourbon towns like Bardstown, Loretto, and Frankfort.

Red River Gorge

Part of the Daniel Boone National Forest, the Red River Gorge is renowned for rock climbing, hiking, camping, and natural beauty. See dramatic sandstone arches and cascading waterfalls.

Kentucky Cities

Discover Kentucky's top urban destinations:

Louisville - Vibrant city along the Ohio River known for arts, sports, and bourbon.
Lexington - "Horse Capital of the World" anchored by the University of Kentucky.
Bowling Green - Home of Western Kentucky University and the Corvette Assembly Plant.
Owensboro - Kentucky's 3rd largest city and world barbecue capital situated on the Ohio River.

Education in Kentucky

Kentucky's public education system includes 173 school districts across 120 counties. The Kentucky Department of Education oversees primary and secondary education in the state. Major universities include:

University of Kentucky - Flagship public research university in Lexington.
University of Louisville - Public metropolitan research university.
Western Kentucky University - Public university in Bowling Green.
Murray State University - Public university located in western Kentucky.

To find information on school districts by county, visit the Kentucky Department of Education district directory.

Transportation in Kentucky

Kentucky's central location makes it a major transportation hub. Interstate highways criss-cross the state, and the Ohio River forms an important shipping channel. The Louisville International Airport is the largest airport in the state. Public transportation is provided by bus networks and ride sharing services in cities like Louisville and Lexington. For public transportation options, see:

Major Employers in Kentucky

Below are some of Kentucky's largest private and public employers:

Walmart - Headquarters: 702 SW 8th St, Bentonville, AR 72716. Phone: (800) 925-6278
Kroger - Headquarters: 1014 Vine St, Cincinnati, OH 45202. Phone: (513) 762-4000
Baptist Healthcare System - Headquarters: 4000 Kresge Way, Louisville, KY 40207. Phone: (502) 897-8100
Humana - Headquarters: 500 W Main St, Louisville, KY 40202. Phone: (502) 580-1000
Toyota Motor Manufacturing - Address: 1001 Cherry Blossom Way, Georgetown, KY 40324. Phone: (502) 868-2000
University of Kentucky - Address: Lexington, KY 40506. Phone: (859) 257-9000
Kentucky State Government - Address: 700 Capitol Ave, Frankfort, KY 40601. Phone: (502) 564-2611

Fun Facts About Kentucky

Kentucky was the first state west of the Appalachian Mountains.
Over 90% of the world's bourbon comes from Kentucky.
Mammoth Cave National Park is home to the world's longest known cave system.
Kentucky is the only U.S. state to border 8 other states: Illinois, Indiana, Ohio, West Virginia, Virginia, Tennessee, Missouri, and Mississippi.
The Kentucky Derby is the longest continuously held sporting event in the United States, running annually since 1875.
Abraham Lincoln was born in Hodgenville, Kentucky in 1809.

Famous Kentuckians

Famous people from Kentucky include:

Muhammad Ali - Boxer and activist from Louisville.
Henry Clay - Key 19th century Congressman from Lexington.
Jefferson Davis - President of the Confederate States of America born in Kentucky.
Louisville Slugger - Baseball bat company known for supplying bats to Major League Baseball.
Colonel Sanders - Founder of KFC born in Henryville.
George Clooney - Oscar-winning actor from Lexington.
Johnny Depp - Award-winning actor from Owensboro.

Local Resources

Find more local information on Kentucky cities and towns:

Kentucky Maps

Here is an interactive map of Kentucky showing major cities and attractions: Here are the GPS coordinates for 3 landmarks in Kentucky:

Churchill Downs: Latitude 38.208306, Longitude -85.751516
Mammoth Cave: Latitude 37.185833, Longitude -86.098612
Kentucky State Capitol: Latitude 38.197274, Longitude -84.86311

Kentucky Counties

Kentucky is made up of 120 counties. Franklin County contains the state capital of Frankfort while Jefferson County is home to Louisville, the largest city in Kentucky. View county information at the Kentucky County Officials Association website.

Top 10 Most Populous Cities in Kentucky

Louisville

With a population of 633,395 as of 2021, Louisville is the largest city in Kentucky and the 29th-most populous city in the United States. Located along the Ohio River, Louisville is the seat of Jefferson County and has long been a major hub for shipping and transportation. Major industries in Louisville include health care, logistics, manufacturing, food and beverage, and tourism. Some key attractions include the Kentucky Derby, Louisville Slugger Museum & Factory, Muhammad Ali Center, Louisville Mega Cavern, and the Belle of Louisville steamboat. City government website: https://louisvilleky.gov/ Tourism website: https://www.gotolouisville.com/ Facebook page: https://www.facebook.com/louisvillekygov

Lexington

Lexington is the second-largest city in Kentucky with a population of 323,152 as of 2021. Nicknamed the "Horse Capital of the World", Lexington is located in the heart of the state's Bluegrass region. The city has a diverse economy focused on education, technology, manufacturing, healthcare, and tourism. Major attractions include the Kentucky Horse Park, Keeneland Race Course, Rupp Arena, Aviation Museum of Kentucky, and historic homes. City government website: https://www.lexingtonky.gov/ Tourism website: https://www.visitlex.com/ Facebook page: https://www.facebook.com/lexkygov/

Bowling Green

Home to Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green has a population of 71,158 as of 2021, making it the third most populous city in the state. Major industries include manufacturing, education, healthcare, and retail trade. Points of interest include the National Corvette Museum, Lost River Cave, Beech Bend Raceway, and historic Downtown Bowling Green. City government website: https://www.bgky.org/ Tourism website: https://www.visitbgky.com/ Facebook page: https://www.facebook.com/CityofBGKY/

Owensboro

Located on the Ohio River in western Kentucky, Owensboro has a population of 60,939 as of 2021. Once a major tobacco producer, Owensboro now has a diversified economy focused on manufacturing, healthcare, and retail. Points of interest include the Owensboro Museum of Science and History, Owensboro Convention Center, International Bluegrass Music Museum, and Smothers Park. City government website: https://www.owensboro.org/ Tourism website: https://www.visitowensboro.com/ Facebook page: https://www.facebook.com/CityofOwensboro/

Covington

Covington is a city in northern Kentucky located directly across the Ohio River from Cincinnati. With a population of 40,957 as of 2021, Covington is the fifth most populous city in Kentucky. Once known for its machine tools and whiskey production, Covington today has a diverse economy focused on manufacturing, logistics and technology. Attractions include the Cathedral Basilica of the Assumption and MainStrasse Village. City government website: https://www.covingtonky.gov/ Tourism website: https://www.meetnky.com/ Facebook page: https://www.facebook.com/covkygov/

Hopkinsville

Hopkinsville is a city in southwestern Kentucky with a population of 33,865 as of 2021. Located near the Tennessee border, Hopkinsville has long been an agricultural and trading center for the region. Today, major industries include manufacturing, healthcare, technology and retail. Attractions include the Trail of Tears Commemorative Park, Yew Dell Botanical Gardens and Pennyroyal Area Museum. City government website: https://www.hopkinsvilleky.us/ Tourism website: https://visithopkinsville.com/ Facebook page: https://www.facebook.com/CityofHopkinsville/

Richmond

Richmond is located in central Kentucky and had a population of 35,397 as of 2021. It is home to Eastern Kentucky University and has a diverse economy focused on education, technology, manufacturing and healthcare. Points of interest include Lake Reba Recreational Complex, Madison County History Center and Battlefield at Richmond. City government website: http://www.richmond.ky.us/ Tourism website: https://www.visitrichmondky.com/ Facebook page: https://www.facebook.com/CityofRichmondKY/

Georgetown

Georgetown is a city in central Kentucky with a population of 33,660 as of 2021. Located near Lexington, Georgetown was an early hub for bourbon production in the Bluegrass region. Today, Georgetown has a diverse economy with major employers in manufacturing, healthcare, education and retail. Points of interest include the Toyota Motor Manufacturing plant, Royal Springs Park and Old Friends Farm equine center. City government website: https://www.georgetownky.gov/ Tourism website: https://www.visitgeorgetownky.com/ Facebook page: https://www.facebook.com/CityofGeorgetownKY

Florence

Florence is a city in northern Kentucky located along the Ohio River near Cincinnati. With a population of 33,510 as of 2021, Florence has grown rapidly in recent decades as a suburb of Cincinnati. Major employers include St. Elizabeth Healthcare and Consumer First Insurance. Points of interest include the Florence Mall, Florence Freedom minor league baseball and World of Golf Hall of Fame. City government website: https://www.florence-ky.gov/ Tourism website: https://www.meetflorenceky.com/ Facebook page: https://www.facebook.com/cityofflorenceky/

Elizabethtown

Elizabethtown is located in north central Kentucky and had a population of 31,113 as of 2021. It was established as a frontier fort and is now home to Fort Knox. Major industries include manufacturing, healthcare and retail trade. Points of interest include the Hardin County History Museum, Freeman Lake Park and the Brown-Pusey House. City government website: http://elizabethtownky.gov/ Tourism website: https://www.touretown.com/ Facebook page: https://www.facebook.com/cityofetownky/

Nicholasville

Located south of Lexington, Nicholasville had a population of 30,411 as of 2021. Originally settled in the late 18th century, Nicholasville later became an agricultural and trading center. Today, major industries include manufacturing, construction, retail and healthcare. Attractions include Wilmore Dam Park, Bluegrass Stockyards and Camp Nelson National Cemetery. City government website: https://www.nicholasville.org/ Tourism website: https://visitlex.com/nicholasville/ Facebook page: https://www.facebook.com/nicholasvilleky
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