Mobile, Alabama is a historic port city located along the Gulf Coast. With a population of around 193,000 as of the 2020 US Census, it is the third most populous city in Alabama behind Birmingham and Montgomery.
Population and Demographics
Mobile has seen its population decline in recent decades as residents have moved to neighboring suburbs. However, the metro area remains robust with over 430,000 residents. The population is diverse with around 50% African American, 45% White, and 5% Hispanic or Latino residents.
Mobile has a relatively old population compared to national averages. Around 16% of residents are over 65. The median age is 39. The city has a high poverty rate of almost 25% according to Census data.
History and Culture
Mobile was founded in 1702 as one of the first French colonies in North America and was part of French Louisiana. It was ceded to Britain and later Spain before becoming part of the United States in 1813. The city’s historic architecture and culture reflect these varied influences.
The annual Mardi Gras celebration in Mobile is one of the oldest in the country dating back to 1703. The Carnival season sees dozens of parades, balls, and events that attract thousands. Mobile is sometimes called the “Birthplace of Mardi Gras.”
Port and Economy
As a major port city along the Gulf of Mexico, Mobile has long had an economy focused on shipping and transportation. The Port of Mobile handles around 58 million tons of cargo each year making it one of the largest seaports in the US. Major exports include coal, steel, paper and lumber products.
Other major industries and employers in Mobile include shipbuilding, aerospace manufacturing, tourism, healthcare, and education. The city government, the University of South Alabama, Infirmary Health hospitals, Austal USA, and Walmart are among the top employers.
In recent years, Mobile has worked to diversify its economy by attracting new industries. It has incentives available for technology and research companies locating in the Port City as well as a growing startup ecosystem.
Tourism
Tourism is a major industry in Mobile which sees over 4 million visitors annually. Popular destinations include:
- The Battleship Memorial Park featuring the USS Alabama battleship from World War II
- Bellingrath Gardens and Home, a 65 acre public garden and historic home along the Fowl River
- Museums such as the Gulf Coast Exploreum Science Center, the Mobile Museum of Art, and the History Museum of Mobile
- Dozens of historic antebellum mansions and plantations for tours
- Mobile Botanical Gardens, a 100 acre garden with over 100,000 azaleas
The city hosts various cultural events and festivals throughout the year attracting visitors. The focus is often on the city’s French, Spanish, Creole, and maritime influences through music, food, and art. Popular annual events include the Greater Gulf State Fair, the BayFest music festival, Mardi Gras, and the MoonPie Over Mobile New Year’s Eve celebration.
Outdoor activities are also popular in the area including golf, fishing, kayaking, wildlife tours, and more. Nearby Gulf Shores and Orange Beach are popular beach destinations.
Sports
Mobile is home to several professional and college sports teams that attract fans and visitors to the city. Teams include:
- The Mobile BayBears, a minor league baseball team playing at Hank Aaron Stadium
- The University of South Alabama Jaguars compete in NCAA Division I sports
- The Azalea Trail Run, a 10k race that is one of the largest in the country
- The GMAC Bowl, a college football bowl game held each December at Ladd-Peebles Stadium
Youth, high school, and adult recreational sports are also popular with active leagues for football, soccer, baseball, and more supported by the Mobile Parks and Recreation department.